FUNDANEED.esIt is the term commonly used in the medical, educational and other professions, as well as in public legislation and influential groups. Intellectual disability is a disorder that begins during the developmental period and includes limitations of intellectual functioning as well as adaptive behaviour in the conceptual, social and practical domains.
What is an intellectual disability?
Guidelines
According to DSM-5 (2014) the following criteria must be met for an intellectual disability to exist:
Impairments of intellectual functions, such as reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgement, academic learning and learning from experience, confirmed by clinical assessment and individualised standardised intelligence testing.
Adaptive behavioural deficits resulting in failure to meet developmental and socio-cultural standards for personal autonomy and social responsibility. Without ongoing support, adaptive impairments limit functioning in one or more activities of daily living, such as communication, social participation and independent living in multiple settings such as home, school, work and community.
Onset of intellectual and adaptive impairments during the developmental period.
> American Psychiatric Association (2014). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), 5th ed.
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